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An Introduction to Genetic Algorithms for Numerical Optimization
The paper is organized as follows. Section 1 establishes the distinction between local and global optimization and the meaning of performance measures in the context of global...- publication PDF
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A containerized mesoscale model and analysis toolkit to accelerate classroom...
Numerical weather prediction (NWP) experiments can be complex and time consuming; results depend on computational environments and numerous input parameters. Delays in learning...- publication PDF
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Water resource management and climate change adaptation: A holistic and...
Anthropogenic climate change is likely to significantly increase human exposure to droughts and floods. It will also alter seasonal patterns of water availability and affect...- publication PDF
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Impact of a new sea ice thermodynamic formulation in the CESM2 sea ice component
The sea ice component of the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) contains new "mushy-layer" physics that simulates prognostic salinity in the sea ice, with consequent...- publication PDF
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Geostatistical model averaging for locally calibrated probabilistic...
Accurate weather benefit many key societal functions and activities, including agriculture, transportation, recreation, and basic human and infrastructural safety. Over the past...- publication PDF
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The NOx dependence of bromine chemistry in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer
Arctic boundary layer nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO2 + NO) are naturally produced in and released from the sunlit snowpack and range between 10 to 100 pptv in the remote background...- publication PDF
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Influence of fair-weather cumulus clouds on isoprene chemistry
Fair-weather cumulus clouds are not resolved in regional- and global-scale atmospheric chemistry models because their horizontal extent is less than the horizontal resolution of...- publication PDF
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Can fully accounting for clouds in data assimilation improve short-term...
This paper explores the degree to which short-term forecasts with global models might be improved if clouds were fully included in a data assimilation system, so that...- publication PDF
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Pyrocumulonimbus affect average stratospheric aerosol composition
Pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) are wildfire-generated convective clouds that can inject smoke directly into the stratosphere. PyroCb have been tracked for years, yet their apparent...- publication PDF
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Does extreme precipitation intensity depend on the emissions scenario?
The rate of increase of global-mean precipitation per degree global-mean surface temperature increase differs for greenhouse gas and aerosol forcings and across emissions...- publication PDF
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Decadal predictability of North Atlantic blocking and the NAO
Can multi-annual variations in the frequency of North Atlantic atmospheric blocking and mid-latitude circulation regimes be skilfully predicted? Recent advances in seasonal...- publication PDF
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Mesospheric concentric gravity waves generated by multiple convective storms...
We report on six continuous hours of OH airglow imager observations (at z ∼ 87 km) of convectively generated gravity waves (GWs) near Fort Collins, Colorado, on the evening of...- publication PDF
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When mixed layers are not mixed. Storm-driven mixing and bio-optical...
Mixed layers are defined to have homogeneous density, temperature, and salinity. However, bio-optical profiles may not always be fully homogenized within the mixed layer. The...- publication PDF
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Assimilation of horizontal line-of-sight winds with a mesoscale EnKF data...
This paper compares the horizontal line-of-sight (HLOS) wind observations with a single wind component and full wind information in a limited-area domain over Europe and the...- publication PDF
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Some pitfalls in statistical downscaling of future climate
Statistical downscaling is generally successful and used widely to refine projections of future climate, though in some circumstances it can lead to highly erroneous results.- publication PDF
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Toward reliable ensemble Kalman filter estimates of CO₂ fluxes
The use of ensemble filters for estimating sources and sinks of carbon dioxide (CO₂) is becoming increasingly common, because they provide a relatively computationally efficient...- publication PDF
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The Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Revisited
The Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), the dominant year-round pattern of monthly North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) variability, is an important target of ongoing...- publication PDF
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Non-stationary extreme value analysis in a changing climate
This paper introduces a framework for estimating stationary and non-stationary return levels, return periods, and risks of climatic extremes using Bayesian inference. This...- publication PDF
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Downscaling Global Spatial Population Projections from 1/8-degree to 1-km Grid Cells
Global spatial population projections consistent with the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) are important for understanding interactions between societal and climatic...- publication PDF
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Measuring and modeling the rate of separator reconnection between an...
Magnetic reconnection occurs when new flux emerges into the corona and becomes incorporated into the existing coronal field. A new active region (AR) emerging in the vicinity of...- publication PDF
