Identification

Title

Impact of the hydrometeor vertical advection method on HWRF's simulated hurricane structure

Abstract

The impact of different hydrometeor advection schemes on TC structure and intensity forecasts is examined through the evaluation of HWRF's simulation of tropical cyclones using the operational Ferrier–Aligo (FA) microphysics that uses total condensate advection versus the same scheme but with separate hydrometeor advection (FA-adv). Results showed that FA-adv simulated larger storms. Idealized simulations revealed that the cause of the simulation differences is the characteristics of the vertical profile of cloud water (Qc), which has a sharp gradient near 850 hPa, and rainwater (Qr), which is vertically uniform below the melting layer. In FA, the resultant total condensate profile has a gradient near 850 hPa that is smaller than that of Qc but larger than that of Qr. In FA when the total condensate is advected and partitioned back to Qc and Qr, the advection of Qc is underestimated and that of Qr is overestimated than that in FA-adv. The separate advection of hydrometeors in the FA-adv scheme corrected this problem and caused the difference in microphysics and dynamics fields between the two schemes. The greater vertical advection of Qc in FA-adv represents a continual source of extra diabatic heating that leads to a greater integrated kinetic energy (IKE) in the storm simulated by FA-adv than FA. However, the radial distribution of the azimuthally averaged additional diabatic heating in FA-adv caused a sea level pressure adjustment that leads to a weaker maximum wind speed. The warming in the outer rainbands strengthens wind away from the inner core, which causes the simulated storm size to increase.

Resource type

document

Resource locator

Unique resource identifier

code

https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7sb4939

codeSpace

Dataset language

eng

Spatial reference system

code identifying the spatial reference system

Classification of spatial data and services

Topic category

geoscientificInformation

Keywords

Keyword set

keyword value

Text

originating controlled vocabulary

title

Resource Type

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Geographic location

West bounding longitude

East bounding longitude

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South bounding latitude

Temporal reference

Temporal extent

Begin position

End position

Dataset reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2020-04-01T00:00:00Z

Frequency of update

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Conformity

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Use constraints

Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Limitations on public access

None

Responsible organisations

Responsible party

contact position

OpenSky Support

organisation name

UCAR/NCAR - Library

full postal address

PO Box 3000

Boulder

80307-3000

email address

opensky@ucar.edu

web address

http://opensky.ucar.edu/

name: homepage

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata on metadata

Metadata point of contact

contact position

OpenSky Support

organisation name

UCAR/NCAR - Library

full postal address

PO Box 3000

Boulder

80307-3000

email address

opensky@ucar.edu

web address

http://opensky.ucar.edu/

name: homepage

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata date

2025-07-11T19:20:23.965636

Metadata language

eng; USA